Biodiversity evaluation tools for European forests

摘要: The EU project’Indicators for monitoring and evaluation of forest biodiversity in Europe BEAR’, initiated in 1998, is a pan-European concerted action, bringing together expertise from 27 European research organisations to build a framework for the development of forest biodiversity indicators at various spatial scales. A report from the project’Biodiversity Evaluation Tools for European Forests’ is in preparation. In this paper the main achievements of BEAR are summarised:(1) agreement on a common scheme of key factors of biodiversity applicable to European forests;(2) identifying European-level Forest Types for Biodiversity Assessment;(3) presenting indicators of forest biodiversity;(4) recommendations for elaborating’Biodiversity Evaluation Tools (BETs)’and establishing schemes of biodiversity indicators for assessment of forest biodiversity on a European level;(5) recommendations for elaborating’Biodiversity Evaluation Tools (BETs)’and establishing schemes of biodiversity indicators for assessment of forest biodiversity on the operational unit level; and (6) highlighting the state-of-the-art of knowledge to present biodiversity indicators and the need for future research.