International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

摘要: Muslim consumers are among the fastest-growing segments of the tourism market, and their desires cannot be unheeded by tourism marketers and commercial enterprise operators (Battour & Ismail, 2014; Battour et al., 2014). Based on the 2018-2019 Global Islamic Economic Report data taken from 75 countries by Thomson Reuters and Dinar Standard, the total expenditure of the world’s Muslim population in 2017 for halal food and beverage was in the region of US $1.3 trillion. This figure was predicting to rise to US $1.87 trillion in 2023. In the tourism sector, Muslim spending reached up to US $177 billion in 2017. This was expected to increase by 7.6% to