Children's Exposure to Metals in Esperance—A Community Initiated Study

摘要: Methods:In response to community concern about continuing metals exposure a cross-sectional noninvasive exposure study of 39 children aged 1–12 years residing in the Esperance region was undertaken. Children provided a sample of hair, toenails, first morning void urine, drinking water, and residential soil and dust. A questionnaire about lifestyle, activities, and diet was administered.Results:Concentrations of nickel and lead were low in biological and environmental samples. However other metals were elevated in biological samples, with 4.5% and 18% of participants recording elevated hair aluminium (< DL–251μg/g) and copper (7–415 μg/g concentrations; and 13.5% of participants had elevated urinary aluminium (< DL-210μg/L), manganese (< DL to 550 μg/L), and copper (< DL to 87 μg/L). Concentrations of nickel in urine, soil, and dust were found to decrease with increasing distance from the …