Zoonotic transmission of waterborne disease

摘要: Waterborne parasites that infect both humans and animals are 8 common causes of diarrheal illness, but the relative importance of transmis-9 sion between humans and animals and vice versa remains poorly understood. 10 Transmission of infection from animals to humans via environmental reser-11 voirs, such as water sources, has attracted attention as a potential source of 12 endemic and epidemic infections, but existing mathematical models of water-13 borne disease transmission have limitations for studying this phenomenon, as 14 they only consider contamination of environmental reservoirs by humans. This 15 paper develops a mathematical model that represents the transmission of wa-16 terborne parasites within and between both animal and human populations. 17 It also improves upon existing models by including animal contamination of 18 water sources explicitly. Linear stability analysis and simulation results, using 19 realistic parameter values to describe Giardia transmission in rural Australia, 20 show that endemic infection of an animal host with zoonotic protozoa can 21