System and method for reference-counting with user-defined structure constructors

摘要: BACKGROUND0003. In computer science, a type system may be defined as “a tractable syntactic framework for classifying phrases according to the kinds of values they compute. A type system associates types with each computed value. By examining the flow of these values, a type system attempts to prove that no type errors can occur. The type system in question determines what constitutes a type error, but a type system generally seeks to guarantee that operations expecting a certain kind of value are not used with values for which that operation does not make sense.0004. A programming language is said to use static typing when type checking is performed during compile-time as opposed to run-time. Statically typed languages include Ada, ActionScript 3, C, C++, C#, and Java, and Fortran. Static typing is a limited form of program Verification: accordingly, it allows many type errors to be caught early in the …