Single particle behaviour at (and away from) stability

摘要: Short of proposing a full microscopic mass formula, we outline the steps that should make it possible. The construction rests on defining the nuclear monopole Hamiltonian, that has to be extracted phenomenologically because of the bad saturation properties of the realistic forces. We propose a preliminary form of that makes clear the origin of shell effects, and with only three paraters, reproduces the known spectra of particle and hole states on doubly magic cores to within 300 keV. Predictions are made for the yet unobserved levels around and those associated to     and for the particle-hole gaps in these nuclei. Finally we analyze the single particle gaps for the and 82 isotones, to conclude that the major closures are likely to persist away from stability.