Recent trends and research strategies for treatment of water and wastewater in Russia

摘要: This chapter focuses on future water policy in Russia and offers an analysis of the water supply and sanitation sector that includes policy implications for consumers (the industrial and residential sectors). The results described draw upon a foresight study carried out in 2017–2018. The methodologies used in the study were horizon scanning (identification of key trends and driving forces) based on the analysis of documents and research publications; expert methodology (interviews, workshops, focus groups, and opinion polls); and policy and scenario analysis. Policy recommendations for water companies and public authorities were formulated. Special attention was paid to tariff policy and different mechanisms for public–private partnerships. The analysis also compares Russia’s water policy outlook with some advanced economies that employ different water management models. The proposed water regulation …