What are commonalities and differences among two conflicting fishing villages in Zanzibar and what explains their gap in income and well-being?

摘要: Sustainable governance of common coastal resources is crucially dependent on the orchestrated interaction of actors and their interests, institutions and world views. Accordingly, socio-cultural heterogeneity and, in particular, social conflicts and opposing perceptions about resources often threaten sustainable governance in artisanal fisheries. Such heterogeneity can however have multiple dimensions with varying implications for governance outcomes as a whole. Here, we turn towards a well-studied fisheries conflict in Zanzibar between two neighboring fishing communities, with the intention to quantitatively separate different domains of betweenvillage heterogeneity with a survey of 172 fishermen. We show that villages differ more in the domain of resource views than eg in governance views or demographics. We identify many village-biases in perceptions eg about the destructiveness or gears, or the importance of certain institutions and specific habitats that are likely linked to differences in practices and could represent ingroup-or self-motivated reasoning. With regard to demographics and socioeconomics, the communities appear rather indistinguishable, but we find that well-being and income are higher in one village. With the help of regression models, we suggest that the village difference in income is largely attributed to the between-village distribution of assets, fishing habits and fish marketing channels, and that well-being strongly follows economic affluence rather than variables linked to human and social capabilities in the broader sense. We discuss the governance implications of our quantitative results and emphasize potentially …