Allosteric activation of 15‐lipoxygenase‐1 by boswellic acid induces the lipid mediator class switch to promote resolution of inflammation

摘要: Specialized pro‐resolving mediators (SPM), primarily produced in innate immune cells, exert crucial bioactions for resolving inflammation. Among various lipoxygenases (LOX), 15‐LOX‐1 is key for SPM biosynthesis, but cellular activation principles of 15‐LOX‐1 are unexplored. It was shown that 3‐O‐acetyl‐11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid (AKBA) shifts 5‐LOX regiospecificity from 5‐ to 12‐lipoxygenation products. Here, it is demonstrated that AKBA additionally activates cellular 15‐LOX‐1 via an allosteric site accomplishing robust SPM formation in innate immune cells, particularly in M2 macrophages. Compared to ionophore, AKBA‐induced LOX activation is Ca2+‐ and phosphorylation‐independent, with modest induction of 5‐LOX products. AKBA docks into a groove between the catalytic and regulatory domains of 15‐LOX‐1 interacting with R98; replacement of R98 by alanine abolishes AKBA‐induced 15‐LOX …