Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of gentamicin after a single intravenous and intramuscular administration in camels (camelus dromedarius)

摘要: The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of gentamicin sulphate (3 mg/kg body weight) were studied in 5 healthy male camels (Camelus dromedarius) after a single intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration according to a cross-over randomised design. Gentamicin concentrations were determined using a microbiological assay and Bacillus subtillis (ATCC 6633) as a test organism. The disposition curves were analysed using noncompartmental methods based on statistical moment theory. Following single IV administration, the elimination half-life (t1//2b), mean residence time (MRT), volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss), volume of distribution (Vdarea) and the total body clearance (ClB) were 5.98 ą0. 42 h, 6.73 ą0. 37 h, 0.28 ą0. 02 l/kg, 0.36 ą0. 02 l/kg and 0.71 ą0. 02 ml/min/kg, respectively. After a single IM administration, the maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) was 6.26 ą0. 36 mg/ml achieved at (tmax) 2h post-injection time. The t1//2b, MRT, Vdarea, ClB and the absolute bioavailability (F) were 5.24 ą0. 31 h, 7.87 ą0. 35 h, 0.42 ą0. 03 l/kg, 0.95 ą0. 05 ml/min/kg and 75.56 ą4. 92%, respectively. Based on these kinetics parameters, a dosage of 3 mg/kg by IM and IV administration every 24 h can be recommended for the treatment of bacterial infections in camels with MIC90 ģ 0.75 and 3.75 mg/ml, respectively.