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摘要: The exchange of CO 2 between the ocean and atmosphere is important for regulation of the Earth’s climate on centennial and millennial timescales. Ice core records reveal that over the past million years the Earth’s climate has been characterized by oscillations between cold, glacial climates with low atmospheric CO 2, and warm, interglacial climates with high atmospheric CO 2. Recent modeling studies and paleoceanographic data suggest that these variations in atmospheric CO 2 might be due to variations in the ventilation of deep ocean waters, with cold glacial states characterized by sluggish ventilation, causing buildup of respired carbon in the deep ocean.