摘要: The principal thesis of this book is that the key element of design is representation. If we were to consult a standard dictionary, we would find representation defined as “the likeness, or image, or account of, or performance of, or production of an artifact.” Note, however, that whereas our dictionary defines representation as a noun in which terms such as image and likeness refer to the artifact being designed, it also suggests aspects of a verb when it defines the design process in terms of a performance or a production. This suggests that representation in design incorporates both representation of the artifact being designed as well as representation of the process by which the design is completed. We now examine briefly both types of representation.