The short term exposure of non-target invertebrates to pesticides in the cereal crop canopy.

摘要: Techniques for estimation of the direct and residual exposure of nontarget invertebrates to pesticides in the cereal canopy are described. The direct exposure techniques were based on the use of soluble and particulate fluorescent tracers. Residual exposure was estimated by the use of field bioassay technique carried out in the UK at different levels of the crop and on the soil. The techniques demonstrated the variation in exposure that different species may be subject to and provide some indication of the species most at risk following pesticide application.