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摘要: Purposes of this study were (a) to validate the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality-Youth (SNAP-Y), a 375-item questionnaire assessing twelve lower order personality dimensions and three dimensions representing higher order core personality traits and (b) to test the SNAP—Other Description Rating Form (SNAP-ORF), a 33-item paragraph descriptor version of the SNAP, by comparing SNAP-Y self-ratings with parent SNAP-ORF ratings. The sample consisted of 381 adolescents, ages 12–8, from a semirural Iowa school district; at least one parent rating was obtained from 44%(N= 167). Adolescents also completed a Five-Factor Model personality measure, the Big Five Inventory-Adolescent (BFI-A) and either a Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent (MMPI-A) or a SNAP-Y retest. Parents also rated adolescents on the BFI-A Parent Form. School records provided grades …