Extremophilic Diversity and Climate Change

摘要: Microorganisms can grow and thrive in each possible condition, including broader ranges of pH, temperature, radiation, pressure, and nutrient-depriving events on Earth. They are adapted to survive in severe space conditions with life-threatening radiation, pressure, highly flexible temperature, and microgravity (Yamagishi et al., 2018). Extremophiles are highly adapted organisms and remain metabolically active in extreme conditions across the planet. Extremophilic microorganisms have been identified from various environments, wherever water is available, including extreme hot and cold environments and acidic and alkaline conditions. Extremophiles have been isolated from the Earth’s crust, deep-sea hydrothermal vents, permafrost, alkaline lakes, acid mine drainages, radioactive sites, and many more. Though extremophiles include archaea, bacteria, and eukarya, archaea constitute the core group to survive …