Multi-layer anti-reflection optical thin film with SiOx and NbxOx by using DC pulse sputter system with high-density radical source

摘要: This study focuses on the chemical speciation of iron in garden soil from India using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The pH of the soil sample is 6.78. Almost 6% of Fe content with almost negligible presence of toxic elements like Cr and Pb is exist. The main edge energies of soil sample is 7124.4±0.4 eV which is higher than that of MgFe2O4 and Fe2O3. This reveals that Fe presented in the soil sample has oxidation state higher than 3+. This may due to possible presence of Fe ions in mixed oxidation state including higher than 3+ or different coordination of Fe ions in the soil sample.