New Onset Pancytopenia in Adults: Clinico-etiological Profile at a Tertiary Care Hospital

摘要: Objective: To evaluate and compare common disorders leading to new onset pancytopenia among both genders.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Pathology at Watim Medical College and Watim General Hospital, Rawat, from November 2020 to November 2021. A total of 98 adult patients with persistent pancytopenia for one week who gave consent for bone marrow aspiration and a trephine biopsy were selected. A blood-complete picture with peripheral smears along with bone marrow aspiration biopsy were done. Trephine needle biopsy and cytochemical staining were performed when required.Results: There were 44 males and 54 female patients. The mean age was 43.49±19 years. Common presenting complaints were pallor (82.6%), weakness (63.2%), petechial haemorrhages (45.9%) and fever (23.5%). The hemoglobin value, white blood cell count and platelet count were 6.5±1.65 g/dl, 3.20±1.43 x 10 9/L and 55.21±28.01 x 10 9/L respectively. Major causes were megaloblastic anemia with female predominance (SD: 0.003) in 43.8% patients, aplastic anemia with male predominance (SD: 0.001) in 17.3%, portal hypertension induced splenomegaly in 13.2%, infectious diseases in 7%, leukemias in 5.1% and Myelodysplastic syndromes in 3.1%.Conclusion: Megaloblastic anaemia is the major cause of pancytopenia in females and aplastic anemia in male pancytopenic patients.