Conceptual Development of Immunotherapeutic Approaches to Gastrointestinal Cancer.

摘要: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is one of the common causes cancer-related death worldwide. Chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy are current treatments, but some patients do not derive clinical benefits. Recently, studies from molecular subtyping have revealed that tumor biomarkers may predict immunotherapeutic response GI patients. However, therapeutic selected by predictive suboptimal. The immune-microenvironment apparently plays a key role in modulating these molecular-determinant biomarkers. Therefore, an understanding development and recent advances pharmacological intervention targeting immune-microenvironments their potential will be helpful to strengthen patient efficacy. review focuses on how host-microenvironment interactions can determine efficacy immune checkpoint inhibitors. contribution environmental pathogens host immunity summarized. A discussion regarding evidence for trial therapy design, strategies, outcomes highlighted. An underlying mechanism facilitate future personalized strategies cancers.