Riparian land-use impacts on bank erosion and deposition of an incised stream in north-central Iowa, USA

摘要: Abstract Stream bank erosion and deposition are complex phenomena because of the many factors that influence them. These can be spatial such as aspect, height slope or temporal seasonal yearly precipitation streamflow events. Riparian land-use also has a major influence. This study investigated for two years, patterns dominant geomorphologic processes stream along 10 km reach Bear Creek in north-central Iowa, USA. The channel sub-reaches used were adjacent to riparian forest buffer, perennial grass filter continuously grazed pasture. Two plots placed each sub-reach; one on north-facing outside (north-bank) other south-facing (south-bank). Each plot had photo-electronic pins (PEEPs) at 1/3 (bottom-bank) 2/3 (top-bank). PEEP daily measurements compared streamflow. pasture banks highest rates. area approximately equal rates deposition. buffer high during second year. In pasture, fluvial entrainment was process, although minor mass failures caused erosion. most recorded after moderate streamflows removed soil loosened by freeze–thaw cycling. occurred late winter/early spring, when trees provide primarily mechanical but not hydraulic reinforcement lower part have less extensive root networks. Overall, sub-reach different time periods under conditions. indicates need continuous with moisture, temperature fully comprehend these phenomena.