A three-dimensional WRF-based precipitation equation and its application in the analysis of roles of surface evaporation in a torrential rainfall event

摘要: Abstract Based on the governing equations for water species in Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, a three-dimensional WRF-based surface precipitation equation was obtained applied to investigate rainfall processes of torrential rain event. Sensitivity experiments were performed further explore roles evaporation heavy The results show that contributions moisture-related (QWV, including vapor local change (QWVL), (QWVE), moisture advection (QWVA), so on) dominate event, while cloud-related (QCM) also play indispensable whose maximum net could exceed 20%. QWVA dominates budget vapor, QWVL QWVE smaller but by no means negligible changes affect both processes, then influence intensity regional redistribution precipitation. Surface favors accumulation convective available potential energy enhances instability atmosphere, being prone development systems. Meanwhile, it affects vertical motions cloud Thus accurate estimation is necessary simulation forecast