Coupled water, charge and salt transport in heterogeneous nano-fluidic systems

摘要: We theoretically study the electrokinetic transport properties of nano-fluidic devices under influence a pressure, voltage or salinity gradient. On microscopic level behaviour device is quantified by Onsager matrix L, generalised conductivity relating local driving forces and induced volume, charge salt flux. Extending L from to global linear-response relation trivial for homogeneous systems, but in this manuscript we derive G that applies also heterogeneous systems. This extension especially important case an imposed gradient, which gives necessarily rise devices. Within formalism can incorporate surface due to, instance, regulating boundary condition, show have significant impact on resulting fluxes. The predictions Poisson-Nernst-Planck-Stokes theory good agreement with exact solutions governing equations determined using finite element method wide variety parameters. Having established validity theory, it provides accessible analyse systems general without need extensive numerical methods. As example, reverse electrodialysis "blue energy" system, how many parameters characterise such system affect generated electrical power efficiency.