Chemistry and Catalysis in Functional Cavitands

摘要: Biological macromolecules use binding forces to access unfavorable chemical equilibria and stabilize reactive intermediates by temporarily isolating them from the surrounding medium. Certain synthetic receptors, functional cavitands, share these abilities allow for direct observation of labile conventional spectroscopy. The cavitands feature inwardly directed groups that form reversible, covalent bonds with small molecules held inside. Tetrahedral carbonyl addition reactions—hemiaminals, hemiacetals, hemiketals—show amplified concentrations lifetimes minutes under ambient conditions. Labile in reactions carboxylic acids isonitriles are also stabilized isolation space cavitands. restricted environments channel along a specific path strengthen parallels between enzymes.