Cognition and daytime functioning in sleep-related breathing disorders

摘要: Sleep-related breathing disorders encompass a range of in which abnormal ventilation occurs during sleep as result partial or complete obstruction the upper airway, altered respiratory drive, chest wall movement, muscle function. The most common these is obstructive apnea (OSA), occurring both adults and children, causing significant cognitive daytime dysfunction reduced quality life. OSA patients experience repetitive brief cessation throughout night, causes intermittent hypoxemia (reductions hemoglobin oxygen levels) fragmented patterns. These nocturnal events excessive sleepiness, changes mood cognition. Chronic sleepiness day symptom sleep-related disorders, assessed clinics subjectively (questionnaire) objectively (sleep latency tests). Mood are often reported by patients, including irritability, fatigue, depression, anxiety. A wide deficits have been identified untreated from attentional vigilance, to memory executive functions, more complex tasks such simulated driving. reflected patient reports difficulty concentrating, increased forgetfulness, an inability make decisions, falling asleep at wheel motor vehicle. can also downstream effects on daily functioning. Moderate severe cases disorder higher risk having vehicle accident, may difficulties work school. number comorbidities influence hypertension, diabetes, stroke. diseases cause neural vasculature damage, leading impairments. Examination using neuroimaging techniques structural magnetic resonance imaging proton spectroscopy has observed brain structure metabolism. neural, cognitive, functional impairments be if left untreated. better understanding development effective assessment tools for diagnosis, will aid early intervention improve life patient.