Nonlethal Evaluation of the Physiological Health of Unionid Mussels: Methods for Biopsy and Glycogen Analysis

摘要: In long-lived unionid mussels, many short-term measures of growth are limited value. Changes in physiological condition may be an early indication stress, because the increased energy demand associated with stress often results a depletion glycogen reserves, principal storage form carbohydrates mussels. Our goal was to nonlethally extract tissue from freshwater mussels and then develop rapid dependable method for analysis extracts. A biopsy technique developed remove between 5 10 mg foot Amblema plicata plicata. The survival rate did not differ biopsied non-biopsied during 581-d observation period, demonstrating that will allow nonlethal evaluation individual through measurement changes contaminant, genetic, biochemical indicators tissue. We also modified standard alkaline digestion phenol-sulfuric acid analys...