Baseline bio-accumulation concentrations and resulting oxidative stress in Synodontis zambezensis after an acute laboratory exposure to 4,4'-DDT.

摘要: Abstract The use of 1,1′-(2,2,2-Trichloro-1,1-ethanediyl)bis(4-chlorobenzene) (DDT) as a pesticide for the control insects vectors responsible spread many life threatening diseases was officially banned in 1972 by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). It throughout world, most developed countries, because toxic effects it causes wildlife, including birds and fish. However, DDT is still used approximately 43 African South Africa, to malaria. lipophilic nature therefore its persistence environment makes extremely important laboratory based studies be conducted an effort evaluate accumulation potential possible physiological aquatic organisms under controlled conditions. aim this study establish baseline bioaccumulation concentrations within Synodontis zambezensis following acute exposure 4,4′-DDT. three metabolites analysed were 4,4′-DDE, 4,4′-DDD None 2,4′-isomers since solution 98.7% pure 4,4′-DDT (Sigma-Aldrich PESTANAL®, Analytical Standard, CAS-No 50-29-3, Batch number SZBE057XV) not mixture 2,4′-DDT found technical grade DDT. Soxhlet extraction tissue samples liquid/liquid water followed analysis through Gas-chromatography mass-spectrophotometry completed. Mean ranged from 15.34 ng/g 45.34 ng/g, 28.16 ng/g 63.25 ng/g 28.64 ng/g 96.21 ng/g respectively. All accumulated fell environmentally relevant with no input food web. resulted oxidative stress responses gills liver S. zambezensis. Significant differences (p ≤ .05) observed between malondialdehyde (MDA) reduced glutathione (GSH) superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) gills.