Alveolar surface forces and lung architecture.

摘要: The entire alveolar surface is lined by a thin fluid continuum. As consequence, forces at the air-liquid interface are operative, which in part transmitted to delicate lung tissue. Morphologic and morphometric analyses of lungs show that exert moulding effect on tissue elements. In particular, low degrees inflation, equivalent volume range normal breathing, there derecruitment area with increasing tensions reflects equilibrium configurations peripheral air spaces where sum energy minimum. Thus, changes tension alter recoil pressure directly indirectly deforming hence changing tensions. However, interplay between rather complex, marked dependence shaping influence forces. With volumes fiber scaffold become predominant factor micromechanics: 80% total capacity or more, area-volume relation largely independent tension. Most important, within tension, its variations associated small. power also affects configuration capillaries, microcirculation, free cellular elements such as macrophages beneath lining layer, surfaces airways. Still enigmatic coupling mechanism continua alveoli airways might be importance for clearance. active layer spaces, determines structure structure-function relationship still ill-defined owing persisting problems film preservation fixation. Electron micrographs tissue, layers captive bubbles, scanning force surfactant films transferred mica plates reveal complex structural pattern precludes so far formulation an unequivocal hypothesis.