Life cycle environmental impacts of high and low intensification pasture-based milk production systems: A case study of the Waikato region, New Zealand
作者： Jeerasak Chobtang , Stewart F. Ledgard , Sarah J. McLaren , Daniel J. Donaghy
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2016.06.079
关键词: Life-cycle assessment 、 Environmental impact assessment 、 Milk production 、 Agriculture 、 Dairy farming 、 Animal science 、 Production (economics) 、 Hectare 、 Pasture 、 Environmental science 、 Agronomy
摘要: Abstract Intensification of pasture-based dairy farming systems is usually associated with increased use off-farm inputs to increase milk production per hectare, and additional environmental impacts may be upstream delivery these inputs. The objective this study was compare two levels intensification (i.e. high versus low) in respect (i) farm (ii) life cycle indicators. considered 53 farms the Waikato region, New Zealand. Three attributes (stocking rate, amount brought-in feeds nitrogen fertilizer used) were used define a level (Intensification Index) for each farm. upper lower quartiles ranked on their Indices chosen represent low groups, respectively. Twelve midpoint indicators assessed using attributional Life Cycle Assessment one kg fat- protein-corrected as functional unit cradle-to-farm gate perspective system boundary. Compared group, group had (on hectare basis) higher ( P > 0.05). However, results 10 out 12
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