Supermassive Black Holes with High Accretion Rates in Active Galactic Nuclei. IV. H$\beta$ Time Lags and Implications for Super-Eddington Accretion

摘要: We have completed two years of photometric and spectroscopic monitoring a large number active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with very high accretion rates. In this paper, we report on the result second phase campaign, during 2013--2014, measurements five new H$\beta$ time lags out eight monitored AGNs. All objects were identified as super-Eddington accreting massive black holes (SEAMBHs). The highest measured rates for in campaign are $\dot{\mathscr{M}}\gtrsim 200$, where $\dot{\mathscr{M}}= \dot{M}_{\bullet}/L_{\rm Edd}c^{-2}$, $\dot{M}_{\bullet}$ is mass rates, $L_{\rm Edd}$ Eddington luminosity $c$ speed light. find that SEAMBHs significantly shorter than those sub-Eddington AGNs, deviations increase increasing Thus, relationship between broad-line region size ($R_{_{\rm H\beta}}$) optical at 5100\AA, $R_{_{\rm H\beta}}-L_{5100}$, requires rate an additional parameter. propose much effect may be due to strong anisotropy emitted slim-disk radiation. Scaling H\beta}}$ by gravitational radius hole, define radius-mass parameter ($Y$) show it saturates critical $\dot{\mathscr{M}}_c=6\sim 30$, indicating transition from thin slim disk saturated disks. $Y$ useful probe understanding various types onto holes. briefly comment implications general population AGNs universe applications cosmology.