Integrated photocatalytic micropillar nanoreactor electrospray ionization chip for mimicking phase I metabolic reactions

摘要: We developed a nanoreactor chip based system to mimic phase I metabolic reactions of small organic compounds. The microchip, made silicon, has an anatase-phase titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanolayer coating for photocatalysis and integrated electrospray ionization (ESI) tip direct mass spectrometric (MS) analysis. This novel method mimicking uses on-chip TiO2-nanolayer external UV-lamp induce photocatalyzed chemical drug compounds in aqueous solutions. selected test (verapamil, metoprolol, propranolol, lidocaine, 2-acetamidofluorene, S-methylthiopurine) produced mostly the same main products as induced by human liver microsomes, rat hepatocytes, or cytochrome P enzymes, showing hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, dealkylations photocatalytic reactions. With this it is possible detect reactive toxic (mimicking metabolites) due absence biological matrices immediate used sensitive: only 20–40 pmol (1–10 ng) substrate was needed experiment, thus provides inexpensive screening metabolites new candidates. Due dimensions diffusion lengths are suitable high reaction rates, providing rapid analysis can be detected identified directly after photoinduced have occurred. shows similar performance that electrochemistry, commonly technique metabolism.