Management of Physiological Stress in Finfish Aquaculture

摘要: Abstract Physiological stress is a nonspecific response common to all vertebrate organisms initiated by many types of environmental changes. Stress in fish can be characterized physiological changes such as plasma cortisol, glucose, lactate, and electrolyte concentrations quantitatively related the severity longevity stressor. A hierarchy evident among changes, that adrenalin from activation sympathetic nervous system released most rapidly, followed then glucose. Plasma disturbances may not occur until severe present for an extended time. Adrenalin increases glucose stimulating liver glycogenolysis, which represents metabolic energy cost fish. The functions cortisol include possible induction gluconeogenesis suppression inflammatory response. Maintaining osmoregulatory homeostasis energetically expensive process, deplete reserves. Rece...