The PTEN and Myotubularin Phosphoinositide 3-Phosphatases: Linking Lipid Signalling to Human Disease

摘要: Two classes of lipid phosphatases selectively dephosphorylate the 3 position inositol ring phosphoinositide signaling molecules: PTEN and Myotubularin families. dephosphorylates PtdIns(3,4,5)P3, acting in direct opposition to Class I PI3K enzymes regulation cell growth, proliferation polarity is an important tumor suppressor. Although there are several PTEN-related proteins encoded by human genome, none these appear fulfill same functions. In contrast, Myotubularins both PtdIns(3)P PtdIns(3,5)P2, making them antagonists II III PI 3-kinases regulators membrane traffic. Both phosphatase groups were originally identified through their causal mutation disease. Mutations specific myotubularins result myotubular myopathy Charcot-Marie-Tooth peripheral neuropathy; loss function other mechanisms evident as many a third all tumors. This chapter will discuss two phosphatases, covering what known about biochemistry, functions at cellular whole body level influence on health.