Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis

摘要: Cardiovascular event rates are markedly increased in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and RA atherogenesis remains poorly understood. The relative contributions of traditional nontraditional risk factors to cardiovascular disease await elucidation. present study comprises three components. First, we compared biomarkers endothelial dysfunction (vascular cell adhesion molecule [VCAM]-1, intercellular [ICAM]-1 leucocyte [ELAM]-1) 74 patients 80 healthy control individuals before after controlling for factors, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), IL-1, IL-6 tumor necrosis factor-α. Second, investigated the potential role an extensive range patient characteristics patients. Finally, assessed associations between ultrasonographically determined common carotid artery intima–media thickness plaque RA. dysfunction, as well hs-CRP, factor-α, were higher than (P < 0.0001). Patients also older, exercised less had a greater waist circumference, blood pressure triglyceride levels ≤ 0.04). Five diabetes. Differences function no longer significant controls = 0.08) only both controlled for. In patients, predicted all 0.03), factor titres low glomerular filtration rate (GFR) VCAM-1 ICAM-1, independent 0.02). was associated with 0.02) 0.04) impaired function, favourable profiles, circulating concentrations hs-CRP cytokines individuals. Both contributed differences IL-6, GFR independently predictive Disease-modifying agents that effectively suppress cytokine production, interventions aimed at preserving renal may attenuate