Multinutrient-Fortified Juices Improve Vitamin D and Vitamin E Status in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

摘要: Abstract Background Provision of fortified juices may provide a convenient method to maintain and increase blood fat-soluble vitamins. Objective To determine whether children consuming orange juice with calcium combinations vitamins D, E, A could serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], α-tocopherol, retinol levels. Design 12-week randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Participants/setting One hundred eighty participants (aged 8.04±1.42 years) were recruited at Tufts (n=70) Boston University (n=110) during 2005-2006. Of those recruited, 176 randomized into three groups: CaD (700 mg calcium+200 IU vitamin D), CaDEA D+12 E+2,000 as beta carotene), or Ca calcium). Children consumed two 240-mL glasses CaD, CaDEA, daily for 12 weeks. Main outcome measures Serum 25(OH)D, concentrations. Statistical analyses Changes in retinol, parathyroid hormone concentrations examined. Covariates included sex, age, race/ethnicity, body mass index, baseline Multivariate models repeated analysis variance tested group differences pre–post (n=141). Results Baseline 25(OH)D was 68.4±27.7 nmol/L (27.4±11.10 ng/mL) ), 21.7% having inadequate ( P =0.029). The group's α-tocopherol concentration greater than that the groups (3.79 μmol/L [0.16 μg/mL], 95% CI 2.5 5.1 3.09 [0.13 CI −1.8 4.3), respectively Conclusions Daily consumption providing 200 E increased young within