National Systems of Innovation : Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning

摘要: Introduction Theories in the social sciences may be regarded as ‘focusing devices’. Any specific theory brings forward and exposes some aspects of real world, leaving others obscurity. That is why a long-lasting hegemony one single theoretical tradition damaging, both terms understanding policymaking. In field economics, dominating neoclassical paradigm puts its analytical focus on concepts such scarcity, allocation exchange static context. Even if these reflect important phenomena they only bring economic system. One aim this book to demonstrate need for an alternative supplementary focusing device that interactive learning innovation at centre analysis. Through more than decade, group economists Aalborg University working research program Innovation, Knowledge Economic Dynamics – IKE has worked together studying industrial development international competitiveness from perspective. This presents results work relation subject: national systems innovation. Our choice perspective subject based two sets assumptions. First, it assumed most fundamental resource modern economy knowledge accordingly process learning. The fact differs crucial respects other resources makes standard economics less relevant motivates efforts develop paradigm. Second, predominantly interactive, therefore socially embedded, cannot understood without taking into consideration institutional cultural Specifically, historical establishment nation state was necessary prerequisite acceleration learning, which propelled industrialization during last centuries. Finally, recognized traditional role states supporting processes now challenged by internationalization globalization.