Pharmacogenetics of Asthma

摘要: Pharmacogenetics uses genetic information to help adjusting treatment for individual patients. It improves efficacy of therapy and enables avoiding side effects basing on knowledge. Different asthmatic patients with similar disease severity, who are treated the same medication, may respond differently. After excluding non-genetic causes such variability (like patient’s compliance, environmental psychological factors), most possible reason appears be a different structure. Changes in gene structure resulting inter-individual dissimilarities, occur mostly as single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). strategies play role searching identifying SNPs, that influence pathogenesis asthma its response treatment, (Kazani et al., 2010). One involved is candidate studying, focuses finding genes responsible effectiveness well development clinical severity (Moffatt & Cookson, 1997). concentrates coding: drug binding receptors, enzymes (important both metabolism metabolic cycles, eg. arachidonic acid cascade), chemokines, cytokines or growth factors relevant pathophysiology. Genes need studied known SNPs new variants well. When an SNP found thorough check correlation between this phenotype needed. An expanded strategy involves screening encoding proteins (enzymes) active cycles important key pathologies. In last method often used examine leukotriene pathway order elucidate patient reactions modifiers. Other options genome-wide association studies analyze markers across entire genome connected phenotype. The identification marker generated investigation surrounding related This procedure needs numerous phenotypically characterised populations examination frequent SNPs. There some fields medicine where pharmacogenetics already use but further still chapter reviews recent knowledge drugs commonly treatment. We focus bronchodilators, iCS (inhaled corticosteroids)