Transorbital neuroendoscopic surgery.

摘要: Background Transorbital neuroendoscopic surgery (TONES) pathways attempt to address some of the technical challenges accessing laterally placed anterior skull base lesions or paramedian that cross neurovascular structures. TONES approaches allow simultaneous coplanar visualization and working space above below base. Objective To present an anatomic study, a description surgical techniques, analysis safety efficacy 20 consecutive procedures using for variety pathological conditions. Methods Sixteen patients underwent pathology, including repair cerebrospinal leak, optic nerve decompression, cranial fractures, removal 3 tumors. Ten were male, 6 female. The mean age at presentation was 44 years. Follow-up 18 months with 9 months. Results There no significant complications treatment failures in any procedures. A conditions treated, fluid leaks, mass lesions, approach provided up 4 separate access ports ample exposure manipulation correction pathology. Conclusion This prospective outcome study demonstrates provides safe effective endoscopic middle These novel may be added wide range published minimally invasive armamentarium when approaching challenging