Yellow fever and dengue—the interactions of virus, vector and host in the re-emergence of epidemic disease

摘要: Abstract The incidence of the mosquito-borne flavivirus diseases, yellow fever, dengue and hemorrhagic fever has increased dramatically in recent years. Both diseases are characterized by emergence explosive epidemics. Yellow outbreaks appear to have a periodicity dependent upon fluctuations sylvatic (enzootic) transmission cycles ecological factors that influence these cycles. Spread virus from cycle human settlements, ultimately with interhuman domestic Aedes aegypti is repeating event Africa, presents renewed threat Americas, where effective Ae. control collapsed 1970s. also years, up 80 million persons living tropical regions world now affected annually—an attack rate 4%. severe form, (DHF) become leading health problem throughout Asia last 20 years emerging as an epidemic disease Americas. Unlike not responsible for emergence. major underlying epidemics changes ecology, increasing contact aegypti, co-circulation multiple serotypes, rising prevalence immunity immunopathological events underlie pathogenesis DHF. In this review, complex interplay virus, host, vector, environment weather ecology explored.