Gateways and converters in computer networks

摘要: Abstract The term “Gateway” has a wide range of meanings. A clear distinction between the function protocol translation (called “Converter”) and interconnection networks through small number transit points “Gateway”) avoids misleading statements on desirability, merits drawbacks such systems. In real world, not all Gateways are Converters vice-versa. never totally transparent always entail loss functionality. must be more reliable available than they connect. This is case, especially with Application Gateways, which also artificial multiplication delays, traffic cost chargeable networks. CERN developed operates two powerful multi-protocol Converters: MINT for Mail, GIFT File Transfer (GIFT result an international collaboration). main lessons that operating store-and-forward or manpower consuming, development on-the-fly requires (when technically achievable) considerable investment, paid back by lower operational overheads. As conclusion, pure (or Relays) absolutely avoided, except when (a) simplifying drastically addressing (via “Late-binding”), (b) mandatory network management. connectivity interim protocols, strategic component OSI migration.