What is natural language? Differences compared to artificial languages, and consequences for natural language processing

摘要: ion, encapsulation, lazy evaluation, loaded symbols polymorphism in Smalltalk -you send the message print, and each receiver has its own version (implementation) of print: A specifies which operation is designed, but not how that should be carried out (Goldberg & Robson, 1983) Goldberg, Adele E. David Robson. Smalltalk-80: language implementation. Addison Wesley, 1983. 39 Information Communication Technologies 5. Language evolution origins (of underlying mechanisms) emergence specific features) proper Vogt, Paul, Bart de Boer Tony Belpaeme. “Modelling evolution”, Tutorial, IJCAI 2005 (31 July 2005, Edinburgh, Scotland). communication grounding (relating to world) computational simulation, compositionality 40 Examples viuvar -> enviuvar conheco reconheco costumar-se acostumar-se amar hei-de amarei cases Latin articles Romance languages amara tinha amado buscar ir jogar a 41 Programming versioning deprecated syntax documentation compilers’ warning messages upwards compatibility solving errors previous versions different paradigms (imperative, functional, ...) object orientation, extreme programming, ... Difference between designers speakers 42 Acquisition learnability In order learn language, one use it: thus primacy dialogue context Every generation learns it anew... learn, actively extend see whether extensions are sanctioned or by future dialogues (Sampson’s little Popperian Educating Eve) Vagueness tool help learning: more than necessary needs decided/conveyed an interaction, things can refined, if needed,