MENA Compared to Europe: The Influence of Land Use, Nuclear Power, and Transmission Expansion on Renewable Electricity System Costs

摘要: Most studies of near-zero-carbon power systems consider Europe and the United States. In this paper, we focus on Middle East North Africa (MENA), where weather conditions, especially for solar, differ substantially from those in Europe. We use a green-field linear capacity expansion model with over-night investment to assess effect system cost (i) limiting/expanding amount land available wind solar farms, (ii) allowing nuclear (iii) disallowing international transmission. This is done under three different regimes PV battery storage. find that: - The farms can have great impact cost. found increase 0-50% as result reduced land. MENA, greatly influenced by regime, which not case Allowing has nearly no while it decrease costs up 23%. Europe, whether allowed highly dependent MENA. Disallowing transmission increases around 25% both depends regime batteries. The off these controversial parts decarbonized thus plays out differently, depending region uncertain future conclude that renewable less costly than irrespective regime. vary between 37 83 euro/MWh. 43 89