Body weight gain induced by antipsychotic drugs: mechanisms and management.

摘要: Long-term administration of typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs (AP) induces excessive weight gain which afflicts up to 50% patients, impairs health interferes with treatment compliance. Basic clinical research has shown that AP may affect body through diverse mechanisms. Increased appetite is probably related the interaction neuronal receptors dopamine, serotonin histamine. Additional metabolic-endocrine disruption regulation be effects AP-induced hyperprolactinaemia on gonadal-adrenal steroids insulin sensitivity. In humans, programmed physical activity, dietary restriction, anorectic agents, counteract have been successful in a limited number studies. Two novel strategies could expand available therapeutic options. First, preclinical experiments female rats estradiol antagonist/agonist drug tamoxifen or itself completely prevent obesity provoked by sulpiride, induce an endocrine-metabolic milieu seems obesity. Secondly, it also oral antihyperglycaemic agents such as metformin decrease resistance hyperinsulinaemia correlated several metabolic abnormalities obese subjects. Lastly, replacement, and/or are not devoid significant side-effects, these tested psychiatric patients. Therefore, further needed before their use recommended.