作者: Susan E. Shaffer , Beverly J. Tepper
DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(94)90377-8
关键词: Sensory cue 、 Flavor 、 Meal 、 Sensory system 、 Caloric theory 、 Audiology 、 Training period 、 Energy density 、 Food intake 、 Psychology 、 Food science
摘要: Abstract This study examined the effects of learned flavor cues on lunch-meal and daily food intake in 39, normal-weight, free-living adults. Subjects were fed distinctly flavored high-calorie (HC) low-calorie (LC) milkshake preloads. Following repeated flavor-calorie pairings, flavors milkshakes covertly switched. Twenty-three percent participants classified as sensory responders. That is, their lunch reflected anticipated caloric content preloads based properties rather than true energy value. Short-term learning did not reliably alter 24-h these subjects. The remaining subjects (i.e., nonresponders) ignored consumed same size lunches across all phases study. Compensation for was during training period before switched). Sensory responders accurately adjusted intakes first day exposure to both preloads, demonstrating unlearned compensation density. continued be accurate days HC (85%) but LC preload (65%). nonresponders compensate either Thus, initially more responsive density make adjustments when cue matched load training) misled by it match consequence ate regardless value preload. However, corrected this discrepancy adjusting later day. These data suggest that individuals might use different strategies guide intake.