Effects of learned flavor cues on single meal and daily food intake in humans

作者: Susan E. Shaffer , Beverly J. Tepper

DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(94)90377-8

关键词: Sensory cueFlavorMealSensory systemCaloric theoryAudiologyTraining periodEnergy densityFood intakePsychologyFood science

摘要: Abstract This study examined the effects of learned flavor cues on lunch-meal and daily food intake in 39, normal-weight, free-living adults. Subjects were fed distinctly flavored high-calorie (HC) low-calorie (LC) milkshake preloads. Following repeated flavor-calorie pairings, flavors milkshakes covertly switched. Twenty-three percent participants classified as sensory responders. That is, their lunch reflected anticipated caloric content preloads based properties rather than true energy value. Short-term learning did not reliably alter 24-h these subjects. The remaining subjects (i.e., nonresponders) ignored consumed same size lunches across all phases study. Compensation for was during training period before switched). Sensory responders accurately adjusted intakes first day exposure to both preloads, demonstrating unlearned compensation density. continued be accurate days HC (85%) but LC preload (65%). nonresponders compensate either Thus, initially more responsive density make adjustments when cue matched load training) misled by it match consequence ate regardless value preload. However, corrected this discrepancy adjusting later day. These data suggest that individuals might use different strategies guide intake.

参考文章(28)
PJ Rogers, AJ Hill, JE Blundell, Evaluating the satiating power of foods: implications for acceptance and consumption Food acceptance and nutrition / edited by J. Solms ... [et al.]. pp. 205- 219 ,(1987)
B. J. Rolls, S. Kim, A. L. McNelis, M. W. Fischman, R. W. Foltin, T. H. Moran, Time course of effects of preloads high in fat or carbohydrate on food intake and hunger ratings in humans. American Journal of Physiology-regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology. ,vol. 260, ,(1991) , 10.1152/AJPREGU.1991.260.4.R756
Barbara J. Rolls, Marion Hetherington, Victoria J. Burley, The specificity of satiety: The influence of foods of different macronutrient content on the development of satiety Physiology & Behavior. ,vol. 43, pp. 145- 153 ,(1988) , 10.1016/0031-9384(88)90230-2
BEVERLY J. TEPPER, RICHARD D. MATTES, BECKY K. FARKAS, LEARNED FLAVOR CUES INFLUENCE FOOD INTAKE IN HUMANS Journal of Sensory Studies. ,vol. 6, pp. 89- 100 ,(1991) , 10.1111/J.1745-459X.1991.TB00505.X
Jeanine Louis-Sylvestre, Alain Tournier, Philippe Verger, Michèle Chabert, Brigitte Delorme, Joseph Hossenlopp, Learned caloric adjustment of human intake Appetite. ,vol. 12, pp. 95- 103 ,(1989) , 10.1016/0195-6663(89)90099-8
Albert J. Stunkard, Samuel Messick, The three-factor eating questionnaire to measure dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger Journal of Psychosomatic Research. ,vol. 29, pp. 71- 83 ,(1985) , 10.1016/0022-3999(85)90010-8
Reinhard J. Tuschl, Reinhold G. Laessle, Petra Platte, Karl-Martin Pirke, Differences in food-choice frequencies between restrained and unrestrained eaters. Appetite. ,vol. 14, pp. 9- 13 ,(1990) , 10.1016/0195-6663(90)90050-I
Reinhold G. Laessle, Reinhard J. Tuschl, Britta C. Kotthaus, Karl Martin Pirke, Behavioral and biological correlates of dietary restraint in normal life Appetite. ,vol. 12, pp. 83- 94 ,(1989) , 10.1016/0195-6663(89)90098-6
C. Martin, F. Bellisle, Eating attitudes and taste responses in young ballerinas. Physiology & Behavior. ,vol. 46, pp. 223- 227 ,(1989) , 10.1016/0031-9384(89)90260-6