作者: C.E Gregg , B.F Houghton , D.M Johnston , D Paton , D.A Swanson
DOI: 10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00288-9
关键词: Population 、 Demography 、 Volcanic ash 、 Geology 、 Risk perception 、 Seismology 、 Preparedness 、 Lava 、 Hazard 、 Volcanic hazards 、 Volcano
摘要: Abstract Volcanic hazards in Kona (i.e. the western side of island Hawai‵i) stem primarily from Mauna Loa and Hualālai volcanoes. The former has erupted 39 times since 1832. Lava flows were emplaced during seven these eruptions last impacted 1950. ca. 1800. Society’s proximity to potential eruptive sources for relatively fast-moving lava flows, coupled with long time intervals Kona, are underlying stimuli this study risk perception. Target populations high-school students adults (n=462). Using data, we discuss threat knowledge as an influence on perception, perception a driving mechanism preparedness. Threat found be low moderate. On average, fewer than two-thirds residents aware most recent that minority felt could ever erupt again. Furthermore, only about one-third reach coast less 3 h. ash fall perceived among least likely affect respondent’s community within next 10 years, whereas vog (volcanic smog) was ranked likely. Less 18% identified volcanic amongst them at home, school, or work. Not surprisingly, individual preparedness measures average limited simple tasks value frequently occurring domestic emergencies, specific infrequent hazard events such seldom adopted. our data show respondents exhibit ‘unrealistic optimism bias’ infer responsibility future rests officials. We may attend information, react warnings directed, undertake other who perceive lie themselves. There significant differences awareness between adults, subpopulations representing local areas, varying ethnicities. conclude damaging have occurred contributed lower levels perceptions on-going eruption Kīlauea facilitated greater but not hazards. Low explained by perhaps lack clear motivation incentive seek new modes adjustment.