Infection of phlebotomine sandflies with Leishmania

摘要: Species of sandflies that are capable transmitting leishmaniasis found in two genera: Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus. Only the females blood-feed transmit disease via their bite, species Americas, Phlebotomus spp. elsewhere. Under natural conditions each sandfly is usually vector for a single Leishmania. In female Leishmania parasites exist as extracellular flagellated promastigote forms exclusively alimentary canal. majority cases cycle between hosts certain wild mammals, with human infection zoonosis. However, there some important exceptions which host-sandfly cycle; visceral India, example. mammalian nonmotile intracellular amastigote tissue macrophages. The cause main types disease: cutaneous leishmaniasis. Since taxonomy both phlebotomine Leishmania, host-parasite relationships, all subjects current research, precise number naturally occurring parasite-sandfly combinations remains to be determined. Currently approximately 70 proven or suspected vectors (Lane, 1993) 20 so recognized (Lainson Shaw, 1987).