Dynamics of the quiet thermosphere (a review)

摘要: Abstract A survey of experimental data on thermospheric motions obtained by radiophysical methods is presented. Hydrodynamical in the height range 80–120 km have a clearly pronounced meteorological origin (viz. seasonal variations, longitudinal effects, local properties, etc.). systematic statistical description horizontal ionospheric drift measurements allows an empirical global model at levels to be method spaced receivers concerted effort world-wide network stations. The prevailing zonal wind mid-latitude E -region westward winter hemisphere and eastward summer hemisphere. semi-diurnal tides mid-latitudes diurnal low latitudes are very intensive. At high latitudes, perhaps there possibly independent circulation cell that defined properties interactions high-latitude ionosphere with magnetosphere atmosphere. In F -region, variations delicately pronounced, while manner determined mainly latitude. during solstices southwestward high- southeastward near equatorial zone. transition zone coincides Sq -current system focus. Drift allow information about space-time electric fields attained neutral evaluated these altitudes. results good agreement incoherent scatter measurements.