Ecomorphology of morpho-functional relationships in the family of Sparidae: a quantitative statistic approach.

摘要: In many fish species, morphological similarity can be considered as a proxy for similarities in habitat use. The Sparidae family includes species that are recognized common features such structure and positioning of the fins specialized dentition. aim this study was to quantitatively describe relationship body shape morphology with use, trophic level, systematics majority known (N = 92). This ecomorphological comparison performed geometric morphometric approach considering variables Trophic Index (TROPH), (i.e., classified demersal, benthopelagic reef associated) phylogenetic at subfamily level. analysis by TROPH variable showed positive relation because all strongly correlated their behavior (e.g., herbivore have smaller mouth gap make them able feed upon sessile resources). according Habitat used classify feeding-habitat niche terms portion water column seabed space where mostly perform behavioral activities. We described three kinds designs benthopelagic, demersal reef-associated habit. six groups were morphologically well distinguishable cladogram relative Mahalanobis' distances compared those proposed other authors. also quantified among different subfamilies based on ecology, confirming observations