Role of αv Integrins in Adenovirus Cell Entry and Gene Delivery

摘要: Adenoviruses (Ad) are a significant cause of acute infections in humans; however, replication-defective forms this virus currently under investigation for human gene therapy. Approximately 20 to 25% all the therapy trials (phases I III) conducted over past 10 years involve use Ad delivery treatment inherited or acquired diseases. At present, most promising applications vectors irradicate certain nonmetastatic tumors and promote angiogenesis order alleviate cardiovascular disease. While specific problems using remain be overcome (as is true almost viral nonviral methods), distinct advantage extensive knowledge its macromolecular structure, genome organization, sequence, mode replication. Moreover, information has also been on interaction particles with host cell receptors, events which strongly affect tropism. This review provides an overview structure function attachment (coxsackievirus receptor [CAR]) internalization (αv integrins) receptors discusses their precise role infection delivery. Recent studies integrin-Ad complexes by cryoelectron microscopy highlighted. Finally, unanswered questions arising from current state Ad-receptor interactions presented context improving future applications.