Neuropeptide expression in rat paraventricular hypothalamic neurons that project to the spinal cord

摘要: The survival of the organism is dependent on keeping a balanced internal milieu in an ever-changing environment process to achieve this balance called homeostasis and it accomplished by consonant action endocrine system autonomic nervous system. Specific parts central (CNS) control these systems response various sensory inputs. One key sites for coordinated two paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVH). Tirrough its projections pituitary PVH controls release different hormones. In addition, projects heavily brain stem spinal cord centers. Furthermore, superficial layers cord, where nerve fibers conveying pain temperature modalities terminate. Thus, addition motor system, may influence processing inputs that are important homeostatic regulation. aim thesis was investigate some aspects organization function neuronal pathways projecting from rat.Vasopressin, which peptide synthesized neurons, has been proposed regulate several processes cord. However, source vasopressin within matter dispute. firstly, we investigated distribution neurons expressing mRNA naive rat, thereby providing first complete screening CNS neuropeptide at level. results confmn earlier work, but also demonstrate new synthesis. Some previously thought produce displayed no mRNA. Our show only putative site spinally-projecting rat Hence, all functions exerted likely be controlled PVH.Secondly, examined neurochemical profile project We 41% express dynorphin mRNA, 20% enkephalin 38% oxytocin 42% This time shown with projections, figures other peptides substantially higher than what reported previous shldies. each subdivisions displays distinct expression patterns.Thirdly, physiological effect nociceptive transmission dorsal horn. present experimental approach could not consistent stimulation varying achieved ascribed functional heterogeneity as revealed our studies.The data contribute nnderstanding complex PVH. parcellation peptide-expressing into subnuclei reflect roles subnuclei, provide anatomical basis ability many will insight homeostasis.