Balancing the presentation of information and options in patient decision aids: an updated review

摘要: Standards for patient decision aids require that information and options be presented in a balanced manner; this requirement is based on the argument presentation essential to foster informed making. If an incomplete/non-neutral manner, it can stimulate cognitive biases unduly affect individuals’ knowledge, perceptions of risks benefits, and, ultimately, preferences. However, there little clarity about what constitutes balance, how determined enhanced. We conducted literature review examine theoretical empirical evidence related balancing options. A search balance was Medline, using MeSH terms PubMed; supplemented 2011 Cochrane Collaboration’s trials. Only English language articles relevant making addressing were included. All members team independently screened clusters articles; uncertainties resolved by seeking another member. The then worked sub-groups extract synthesise data theory, definitions, reported these studies. total 40 met inclusion criteria. Of these, six explained rationale Twelve defined “balance”; definition “balance” emerged as follows: “The complete unbiased those options—in content format—in way enables individuals process without bias”. Ten assessing aid. 10 did so exclusively from users’ or patients’ perspective, five-point Likert-type scale. Presenting side-by-side display form associated with more respondents (ranging 70% 96%) judging “balanced”. There need comparative studies investigating different ways improve measure aids.