Diversity and variability of terpenoid defences in conifers: molecular genetics, biochemistry and evolution of the terpene synthase gene family in grand fir (Abies grandis).

摘要: This review focuses on the molecular genetics, biochemistry and evolution of terpenoid synthases relevant to defences in conifers. In grand fir (Abies grandis) biosynthesis terpenoids three classes monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes diterpenes is inducible by stem wounding at level gene activation increase enzyme activity respective terpene synthases. The monoterpene, sesquiterpene diterpene utilize prenyl diphosphates appropriate size as substrates generate large diversity carbon skeletons characteristic resin A diverse family has been cloned cDNAs are actively expressed Escherichia coli for characterization. monophyletic group represents both constitutively genes encoding single product multiple enzymes. Several events duplication functional specialization new occurred during fir, gave rise enormous variability this ancient successful plant defence against herbivores pathogens. concludes with a perspective biotechnological applications genetic engineering agricultural crops forest trees.